Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) – Alkaline pH Adjuster and Saponifying Agent

Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) is a high-purity alkaline compound widely used in cosmetic and soap formulations. It functions primarily as a pH adjuster and saponifying agent, converting oils into potassium-based liquid soaps. Due to its strong alkaline nature, formulators use it in controlled concentrations to create stable, effective cleansing systems.

Recommended Usage Rate

Formulators typically use Potassium Hydroxide at concentrations between 0.1% and 5%, depending on the formulation objective. In soap production, it reacts with fatty acids and oils to produce liquid soap through saponification. For pH adjustment purposes, significantly lower amounts are sufficient.

pH and Chemical Properties

Potassium Hydroxide is strongly alkaline, with a pH range of approximately 12 to 14 in solution. Because of its caustic nature, it must be carefully diluted and incorporated during formulation to ensure product safety and stability.

Solubility and Form

This ingredient is fully soluble in water and typically supplied in pellet or flake form. Dissolve it in distilled water before incorporation into formulations. Always add Potassium Hydroxide to water gradually, never add water directly to the solid material.

Function in Skincare and Cleansing Systems

In cosmetic formulations, Potassium Hydroxide primarily serves as a pH regulator and soap-forming agent. It enables the production of liquid cleansers, shampoos, and potassium-based soaps. Additionally, it supports emulsion stability when used appropriately in controlled systems.

Safety and Handling

Potassium Hydroxide is caustic in its raw form and requires careful handling. Use protective gloves and eyewear during formulation. Avoid direct contact with skin and eyes, and ensure accurate dilution before use in finished cosmetic products.

Related Ingredients

For cleanser formulations, Potassium Hydroxide may be used alongside surfactants such as
Decyl Glucoside
or humectants like
Vegetable Glycerin
to support balanced cleansing systems.

Additional Research

For further chemical and cosmetic safety information, consult reputable scientific sources such as
NCBI.

Potassium Hydroxide remains a foundational ingredient in soap making and pH-controlled cosmetic formulations when handled and formulated correctly.

INCI Name: Potassium Hydroxide

Recommended Usage Rate: 0.1% – 5%

Solubility: Fully water-soluble

pH: 12 – 14 (alkaline)

Form: Pellets or flakes

Disclaimer: For formulation use only. Handle with protective equipment. OrganicsbyJumira is not liable for misuse or improper handling.